The spinal cord is a fragile and long tube-like structure which begins at the lower part of the brain stems and continues to the bottom of the spine. It consists of nerves that carry out the outgoing and incoming messages between the brain and other parts of the body. On this web page, we are going to discuss the spinal disorder, types, symptoms, etc. All this information is well-researched by our spinal disorder nursing assignment help experts.

There could be different reasons behind Spinal Cord disorder. Few of them are -

Because of infections, injuries, compression by a tumour or fractured bone and blocked the blood supply.

When muscles are paralyzed or weak, the sensation is lost or abnormal and bowel function or controlling bladder is difficult.

The spinal cord is the primary route of communication between the brain and other parts of the body. This cord is protected by the vertebrae of the spinal column. The vertebrae are isolated and amortized by several disks made of cartilage.

Where Is the Spinal Cord Damaged?

The spinal column includes spinal cord which has been divided into four sections which are -

  • Cervical (neck)
  • Thoracic (chest)
  • Lumbar (lower back)
  • Sacral (pelvis)

And each section is represented by a letter, i.e., Cervical (C), Thoracic (T), Lumbar (L) and Sacral (S).

Causes of Spinal Cord Disorder

Spinal cord disorder can take place both outside or inside the spinal cord.

Outside the spinal cord
  • Spinal injuries and
  • Compression of the spinal cord
  • The spinal cord can be dense by bone, a tumour or an accumulation of blood, a pocket of an abscess, or herniated disk.
Inside the Spinal Cord

Such disorder involves syrinxes, inflammation, blockage of the blood supply, abscesses, tumour, bleeding (hemorrhage), and deficiency of vitamin B12 or copper, infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), syphilis and multiple sclerosis.

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Symptoms of Spinal Cord Disorder

Spinal cord disorder is mainly caused due to traumatic or non-traumatic injuries. The symptoms and signs of traumatic injury to the spinal cord are immediate.

Few common signs and symptoms are -
  • Loss of sensation
  • Muscle weakness
  • Fecal incontinence
  • Changes in reflexes
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Diminished sweating
  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Paralysis
  • Back pain

In order to know which part of the spinal cord such as the back, front, center, side or entire cord, is damaged, you need to consult your doctor. By determining the particular location of symptoms, doctors can exactly identify the specific damage level of the spinal cord.

When paralysis or weakness occurs suddenly, your muscles go flaccid losing the tone. After your muscles become limp, tone ultimately expands and spasms begin to occur.

When disorders like hereditary spastic Paraparesis and cervical spondylitis occur, they rapidly harm the spinal cord, which may give rise to paralysis with the expansion of muscle tone and muscle spasticity which is also known as spastic paralysis.

Spasms have mainly arisen when signals from the brain unable to pass through the damaged area. Consequently, the reflexes turn into much pronounced day by day and the muscles which are being controlled by the reflex begin to feel hard, get tighten, and the contract gets out of control from time to time.

Diagnostic tests for Spinal Cord Disorders

The doctor is liable to rule out a spinal cord disorder by a careful examination and inspection, testing for sensory movements and functions or asking a few questions about the accident. In case, if a person complains about his/her neck pain or is not fully awake or indicate the signs of neurological injury then emergency diagnostic tests may be required.

Such tests include:

X-rays - The Medical professional generally advises for X-ray tests on those people who are suspected to have a spinal cord injury during or after trauma. X-ray is a test that can reveal spinal column problems, tumour, degenerative or fractures of the spine.

CT scan or Computerized Tomography scan:

A Computerized Tomography scan is suggested to get a better and clear look at abnormalities seen. CT scan is done with the use of computers to create a cross-sectional picture that can show disk, bone or any other problems.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI:

MRI is the third test prescribed by the doctor to diagnose the spinal cord injury or disorder. MRI test is conducted by the use of strong radio waves and magnetic field which produces computer-generated images. These test images are very much clear and to identify the herniated disk, blood clotting of the spinal cord.

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